A working directory of 170 quantum computing companies across hardware, software, security, sensing, components and services. It is drawn from the Quantum Navigator and updated for 2026.
This directory profiles 170 quantum computing companies in 2026, from superconducting and trapped-ion hardware makers to photonic, neutral-atom and silicon-spin challengers, alongside the security, component, software and investment firms around them. The sector crossed real commercial milestones this year, with Quantinuum, IQM, Xanadu and Pasqal joining the public markets and CHIPS Act funding of about $2.013 billion flowing into nine quantum companies in May 2026.
Every entry links to a fuller profile in the quantum computing companies tracker on Entangled Future. For stock tickers and public filings see our guide to publicly traded quantum companies, and use the category jumps below to move through the 170 listings by technology.
Superconducting qubit companies 18 companies
Superconducting qubits are the most mature and most heavily funded approach, behind IBM, Google and Rigetti. The quantum computing companies below build processors from supercooled superconducting circuits patterned on silicon chips.
Led by Jay Gambetta, IBM runs one of the largest fleets of cloud-accessible superconducting systems through its Quantum Network of more than 300 members. Its 120-qubit Nighthawk processor arrived in November 2025, and IBM’s published roadmap targets a fault-tolerant machine called Starling around 2029 built on qLDPC error-correcting codes. A second revision, Nighthawk r2, reached the IBM Quantum Platform in September 2026 with the same 120 qubits and a faster way of resetting them. IBM says it runs more than 100,000 circuits a second, about 25 times the rate of its Heron fleet, and has held accuracy on circuits of more than 7,500 gates. The company is also installing Switzerland’s first Quantum System Two at the national supercomputing centre in Lugano, with ETH Zurich and Lockheed Martin, and expects it working by the end of 2026.
Directed by Hartmut Neven, Google reported a verifiable quantum advantage in an October 2025 Nature paper, running its Quantum Echoes algorithm on the 105-qubit Willow chip. Google says Willow operates below the surface-code error threshold, a result it frames as evidence that error rates fall as its processors grow. In August 2026 Google Quantum AI researchers put a far lower price on breaking the curve behind Bitcoin, estimating as few as 1,200 logical qubits and 90 million Toffoli gates. A separate September paper described a way to simulate two-dimensional spin models without storing the full wave function, which the team says matched runs on its own processor.
A vertically integrated builder that fabricates its own superconducting chips in Fremont, California under CEO Subodh Kulkarni, who succeeded founder Chad Rigetti in 2022. Its Ankaa and Cepheus processor lines target higher gate fidelity and modular multi-chip scaling, with cloud access through Amazon Braket, Azure Quantum and Rigetti’s own service. In September 2026 the US Department of Commerce awarded Rigetti $100 million under the CHIPS Act for work on scaling superconducting machines. The department takes a minority, non-controlling equity stake in the company as a condition of the money. Rigetti has also set up a delivery team for on-premises systems of 9 to 108 qubits, and says it is targeting 99.5% median two-qubit gate fidelity on its Cepheus-1-108Q.
One of Europe’s best-funded superconducting hardware companies, headquartered in Espoo, Finland and co-founded by CEO Dr. Jan Goetz. IQM completed a SPAC merger with Real Asset Acquisition Corp and began trading on Nasdaq as IQMX on 2 July 2026 at a valuation near $1.8 billion, after raising a $320 million Series B in September 2025. IQM says its order backlog had passed 102 million euros by the second quarter of 2026, with 26 systems sold to buyers including Deutsche Bahn. It also plans a staged machine called LUMI-IQ for the LUMI AI Factory in Finland, starting in 2027 with 150 physical qubits and reaching up to 9 logical qubits by 2029.
Founded by Dr. Peter Leek from the University of Oxford. Led by CEO Gerald Mullally (appointed permanently July 2025 after 14 months as interim, succeeding founding CEO Dr. Ilana Wisby). Wisby joined Cambridge Innovation Capital as an entrepreneur in residence in July 2026, after seven years running OQC. Over that period the company delivered 32 qubit systems into commercial data centres, launched Europe’s first quantum computing as a service product and raised over $100 million.
Co-founded and led by CEO Théau Peronnin and CTO Raphaël Lescanne. Developing cat qubits, a fundamentally different superconducting approach with inherent protection against bit-flip errors. In September 2026 the company and Hyperion Research published a report on quantum in high performance computing, drawn from fifteen interviews at centres including Argonne and RIKEN. It argues that immature software, rather than qubit counts, is now the thing most likely to erode trust in the field. Alice & Bob has also joined QuBriC, a €4.6 million European doctoral network that will train 15 researchers in error correction.
One of China’s leading quantum companies, founded by USTC’s Professor Guo Guoping, who serves as its chief scientist, with about $148M raised in Series B. Origin Wukong, a 72-qubit processor, was used to fine-tune a billion-parameter AI model. In August 2026 Origin Quantum and Chinese academic partners demonstrated coherent quantum routers on a superconducting chip, a building block for quantum random access memory. The team reported an average fidelity of 94.8 per cent across three single routers and 82.4 per cent for a two layer routing network.
Sherbrooke-based company under CEO Julien Camirand Lemyre pioneering bosonic error correction on superconducting hardware. Encodes logical qubits in microwave photon states within 3D cavities, enabling hardware-level error suppression with far fewer physical qubits than surface code approaches. In July 2026 the company reported state preparation and measurement errors below 0.1% in a single-mode grid state qubit. It calls that about a hundredfold improvement on comparable systems using the same bosonic coding. Chief executive Julien Camirand Lemyre says the result supports a target of fault-tolerant quantum computing by 2030.
Single Flux Quantum (SFQ) digital logic chips under co-founder and CEO John Levy that operate at cryogenic temperatures alongside quantum processors. Headquartered in Elmsford, New York with a facility in London. In September 2026 SEEQC signed a memorandum of understanding with Taiwan’s Quantum Industry Technology Promotion Office at SEMICON Taiwan. The company says the agreement covers technology and product development, manufacturing, testing and supply chain work, drawing on Taiwanese room temperature electronics and superconducting chip making.
More superconducting companies
Building superconducting quantum processors in Singapore under co-founder and CEO Roger (Jie) Luo as part of the nation’s S$300M National Quantum Strategy. It develops full-stack quantum computing systems tailored for Southeast Asian research and commercial applications.
MIT spinout founded by Professor William Oliver, developing fluxonium-based superconducting qubits, which offer inherently longer coherence times than conventional transmon qubits by operating at a different energy regime. Founded by William Oliver and colleagues. Atlantic Quantum joined researchers from Forschungszentrum Jülich, RWTH Aachen and Yale on a 2026 study of qubit layouts where each qubit touches only three neighbours. The authors report that their method needs fewer spare qubits and fewer two-qubit gate operations than standard lattice surgery on the surface code.
One of the first commercial suppliers of off-the-shelf superconducting quantum processors, spun out of TU Delft/QuTech. Raised $27M in an oversubscribed Series A.
Israeli quantum hardware company under CEO Alon Cohen (formerly Mobileye EyeC Radar Group) developing a scaling architecture for superconducting quantum systems. Raised $35M including $26M Series A (August 2025) led by Sentinel Global with Viola Ventures and Arkin Capital.
Barcelona-based company building full-stack analog quantum computers based on fluxonium qubits, a superconducting architecture that bypasses the need for error correction by exploiting analog quantum dynamics. Raised $12.6M from investors including Axon Partners and the European Innovation Council. In September 2026 the company described a reservoir computing method that leaves the quantum hardware untouched and trains only a classical readout on its output. Qilimanjaro says this avoids the cost of tuning circuit parameters, which often stalls on today’s machines. A team including a Qilimanjaro researcher also traced where a spin chain’s measurement sensitivity goes once it couples to its surroundings.
Japan’s largest IT services company (¥3.7T revenue) under CEO Takahito Tokita, partnering with RIKEN on superconducting quantum hardware. Developed a 256-qubit processor in April 2025 using scalable 3D unit cell architecture, quadrupling the previous 64-qubit system. In September 2026 the company showed what it calls the world’s first working prototype of a diamond-spin quantum computer, using tin-vacancy centres in diamond joined to photonic circuits. It runs at 1.55 kelvin, a little warmer than superconducting machines, which Fujitsu says should ease cooling demands. The module came out of joint work with TU Delft and QuTech, and the company plans a multi-module version by 2027.
Finnish company under CEO Joonas Govenius, spun out of VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, manufacturing near-quantum-limited superconducting microwave amplifiers. These amplifiers operate at millikelvin temperatures inside dilution refrigerators and add the absolute minimum noise allowed by quantum mechanics when amplifying qubit readout signals.
Manufactures superconducting magnet systems from Oak Ridge, Tennessee, serving scientific research since 1968. It provides the precision magnetic field environments required for various qubit technologies including trapped ions, NV centres in diamond, and spin qubits.
Delft-based manufacturer of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) under CEO Dr. Sander Dorenbos, providing the ultra-sensitive photon detection technology essential for quantum networking, quantum key distribution and photonic quantum computing. SNSPDs detect individual photons with unmatched efficiency and timing precision, enabling the entanglement-based protocols used by Qunnect, Cisco and quantum networking testbeds worldwide. Single Quantum’s multi-pixel detectors made possible a 50 kilometre single-photon interferometer reported in Physical Review Letters. The team reached heralding rates near 40 MHz, well above the 1 to 2 MHz of single-pixel detectors, and a phase sensitivity of 4.42 x 10⁻⁶ radians RMS.
Trapped-ion companies 9 companies
Trapped-ion machines hold charged atoms in electromagnetic fields and manipulate them with lasers or on-chip electronics. These quantum computing companies lead on gate fidelity, with Quantinuum and IonQ now both publicly listed.
Led by CEO Niccolo de Masi, IonQ is the largest publicly traded pure-play quantum company by market value, with third-quarter 2025 revenue of $39.9 million. It spent roughly $2.5 billion on acquisitions in eighteen months, including Oxford Ionics and ID Quantique, extending from computing into networking, sensing and space. IonQ says it has fabricated its first fully integrated 256-qubit processors, the Superion 256, at SkyWater, the chip foundry it now owns. It has also raised full-year 2026 revenue guidance to between $450 million and $460 million, a figure the company says includes SkyWater from 31 July 2026.
Formed from the 2021 merger of Honeywell Quantum Solutions and Cambridge Quantum and led by CEO Rajeeb Hazra, Quantinuum builds the trapped-ion H-Series, which routinely posts among the highest quantum-volume figures reported. The company raised about $1.68 billion in its June 2026 Nasdaq IPO under the ticker QNT, at a valuation near $14 billion. In September 2026 it took a $100 million CHIPS Act award from the US Department of Commerce, the only trapped-ion company to receive one. GlobalFoundries will make its ion traps and control electronics on 300mm wafers, and Monarch Quantum will supply the lasers and optics. Quantinuum has also signed a non-binding memorandum of understanding with Aramco to look for energy problems worth running on future fault-tolerant machines.
An Innsbruck trapped-ion company spun out of the University of Innsbruck around the work of Rainer Blatt and Peter Zoller. Its rack-mounted LYNX system reached a quantum volume of 32,768, and AQT sells systems into European data centres and HPC sites.
Won one of Germany’s Cyberagentur’s largest contracts (part of a €35M total programme) under CEO Sebastian Deuser to build maQue, a mobile trapped ion quantum computer for security and defence applications, targeting delivery by 2027. It was spun out of the Ferdinand Schmidt-Kaler group at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz in 2022.
Developing a unique trapped ion architecture using microwave-driven gates and electronic interconnects rather than lasers, designed for dramatically easier manufacturing and scaling. Based in Brighton, UK, co-founded by Chairman and Chief Scientist Professor Winfried Hensinger and CEO Dr Sebastian Weidt from the University of Sussex. EDBI, the investment arm of Singapore’s SG Growth Capital, is putting SGD 30 million into Universal Quantum’s first research centre outside Europe. The Singapore site opens with a team of 25 and will anchor the company’s Asia Pacific work on ion trap chips.
Founded by Dr. Chris Ballance and Dr. Tom Harty out of the University of Oxford, Oxford Ionics builds trapped-ion chips whose qubits are steered by on-chip electronic signals rather than bulky lasers. IonQ acquired the company for about $1.075 billion in equity in September 2025, one of the largest quantum acquisitions recorded to date.
Siegen-based company developing microwave-driven trapped ion quantum computers under CEO Jan Leisse, spun out of the University of Siegen. It closed a €57 million Series A in 2026 to scale its trapped-ion systems. In September 2026 eleQtron and Forschungszentrum Jülich switched on JION, a trapped-ion machine built on ionised ytterbium atoms that needs no cooling to near absolute zero. It is reached through the JUNIQ user service, so researchers can run it alongside the site’s supercomputers. JION was built inside the EPIQ project, funded with about 21 million euros from the state of North Rhine-Westphalia.
Spinout from the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) under CEO Ryuta Watanuki, developing trapped ion quantum processors for Japan’s national quantum computing initiative. It draws on the OIST ion-trap research of Hiroki Takahashi, including advanced ion trap chip fabrication and high-fidelity gate operations.
Israeli trapped-ion quantum computing company under CEO Dr. Tal David, spun out of Professor Roee Ozeri’s group at the Weizmann Institute of Science in 2022. Raised $124M total including a $100M Series A (December 2025) led by Bedford Ridge Capital with Battery Ventures, Destra Investments and Entrée Capital.
Neutral-atom companies 6 companies
Neutral-atom systems hold neutral rubidium or strontium atoms in optical tweezers that can be rearranged during a computation. The companies here pursue large arrays and reconfigurable connectivity for error correction.
A neutral-atom company built on Harvard and MIT research by Mikhail Lukin and Markus Greiner, whose 256-qubit Aquila system runs on Amazon Braket. QuEra raised a $230 million round led by Google and SoftBank and has published demonstrations of dozens of entangled logical qubits. In August 2026 QuEra reported that an AI agent retuned its control lasers in seconds, work a human specialist had been doing in minutes. The company has also committed to deliver a system through Amazon Web Services in 2028, and partners are already writing applications for it.
Co-founded around the work of Nobel laureate Alain Aspect, Pasqal builds neutral-atom processors that arrange rubidium atoms in reconfigurable arrays for both analogue and gate-based computation. It has deployed systems to the GENCI and Jülich supercomputing centres and works with industrial partners including BASF and Thales. Pasqal began trading on Nasdaq as PSQL on 28 August 2026 at an enterprise value of about $2 billion, raising $360 million in gross proceeds. Days later it signed a multi year research agreement with Saudi Arabia’s KACST, starting with quantum cryptography.
A Berkeley neutral-atom company using strontium atoms, founded and led by CEO Ben Bloom, who returned to the role after Rob Hays stepped down. Its collaboration with Microsoft demonstrated 24 entangled logical qubits, now offered through Azure Quantum.
Formerly ColdQuanta and rebranded in 2022, Infleqtion builds cold-atom computing, sensing and timing products from Boulder, Colorado. It completed a New York Stock Exchange listing through a $550 million SPAC in February 2026 under the ticker INFQ. NASA has added $20 million to Infleqtion’s work on the Quantum Gravity Gradiometer Pathfinder, taking the agency’s total for the mission to $40 million. The company’s processor also powers Shunkai, Japan’s first operational full-stack neutral-atom quantum computer, which runs about 50 qubits and is planned to reach around 500.
Munich-based spinout from the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ). CEO Alexander Glaetzle. The first hardware for planqc’s 1,000 qubit neutral atom machine reached the Leibniz Supercomputing Centre in September 2026, about 800 kilograms of laser gear, a server cabinet and a computing rack. The MAQCS project behind it has nearly 20 million euros from the German research ministry, and LRZ intends to run the finished system alongside its classical machines by the end of 2027.
An early-stage developer of neutral atom quantum computing systems, focused on practical commercial applications. It is one of the newer entrants pursuing the neutral-atom approach to quantum hardware.
Photonic quantum computing companies 11 companies
Photonic machines encode information in particles of light, which can operate at or near room temperature. These quantum computing companies target manufacturability and networking, and now include what Xanadu describes as the first listed photonic company.
Toronto-based and founded by CEO Christian Weedbrook, Xanadu builds measurement-based photonic processors and maintains the widely used PennyLane software library. It listed on Nasdaq and the Toronto Stock Exchange as XNDU in March 2026, becoming what it describes as the first publicly listed photonic quantum company, with about $302 million in gross proceeds. The Canadian government committed $195 million to Xanadu in August 2026 under Project OPTIMISM, a potential $390 million programme for photonic chip integration and wafer-level testing. A roadmap the company presented targets more than 1,000 logical qubits by 2031, and depends on cutting its photon loss figure from 24.1 to 1.0 by 2030.
A photonic company building silicon-photonic chips at GlobalFoundries, with Victor Peng as interim chief executive since February 2026 and co-founder Jeremy O’Brien as executive chairman. It has raised more than $2 billion, including a $1 billion round led by BlackRock in September 2025, and is building large compute centres in Brisbane and Chicago. The US Department of Commerce awarded the company $100 million in September 2026 for optical switches, single-photon detectors that work at higher temperatures, and packaging. PsiQuantum says the money will also expand domestic production of barium titanate, the material those switches depend on. Its free algorithm design software, Construct, is now in use at Brookhaven National Laboratory under the Department of Energy’s Quantum Genesis programme.
Led by CEO Richard Murray, ORCA develops compact, room-temperature photonic quantum processors from London, eliminating the dilution refrigerators needed by superconducting and trapped ion competitors that operate at millikelvin temperatures. ORCA uses proprietary quantum memories to synchronise photon arrival times, solving a fundamental challenge in photonic quantum computing. UK companies reach ORCA’s PT-2 machine through the Quantum Technology Access Programme run by Digital Catapult with the National Quantum Computing Centre. The third cohort takes in eleven organisations including NatWest, and the programme runs until February 2027.
French photonic company building deterministic single-photon sources based on semiconductor quantum dots under CEO Niccolo Somaschi, a critical component for photonic quantum computing. Based in Massy, near Paris. Quandela signed an agreement with CMC Microsystems that puts its photonic machine in Canada’s Quantum Computing Sandbox, giving academics and smaller firms cloud access. The company also says it validated a low latency link between its photonic processors and NVIDIA computing hardware in June 2026.
Founded around the work of chief scientist Professor Barak Dayan of the Weizmann Institute and led by CEO Oded Melamed. It raised $50M in Series A from Dell Technologies Capital, Eclipse Ventures and others.
Italian company under CEO Roberto Siagri developing room-temperature photonic quantum processors using qudits, higher-dimensional quantum states that go beyond binary qubits. While most quantum computers encode information in two-level systems (0 and 1), Rotonium uses photonic states with multiple levels (0, 1, 2, 3…), encoding more information per carrier.
Builds one of the largest commercially available universal photonic quantum processors from Enschede, Netherlands, under CEO Stefan Hengesbach, using silicon nitride waveguide technology. Founded from the University of Twente’s MESA+ nanofabrication facilities. QuiX Quantum says it has deployed more than 20 of its Alquor processors, and now sells a rack-mounted Alquor 2.0 in 8, 20 and 32 mode versions. Its newer Carina machine, shown in July 2026, is built to run at room temperature in a data centre and uses an AUREA Technology pulsed laser to pump its photon source.
Cambridge-based developer of quantum photonic networking components under CEO Carmen Palacios-Berraquero, including single-photon detectors and sources that operate at telecom wavelengths. Raised £8.5M in Series A. The company is a founding member of the Quantum Datacenter Alliance, set up in 2025 with Cisco, NTT Data, OQC, QphoX, Quantinuum and QuEra. The group holds its second annual forum in London on 1 October 2026, with speakers from NVIDIA, IBM and Quantinuum on building quantum machines at data centre scale.
Vancouver-based company under CEO Don Mattrick, who took the role in March 2026, developing a hybrid architecture: silicon spin qubits linked via optical photons using T-centre defects in silicon. It was founded by Chief Quantum Officer Dr. Stephanie Simmons of Simon Fraser University, who continues to lead its science.
Led by CEO Dr. Yuping Huang, QCI markets Dirac, a room-temperature photonic optimisation machine, and runs a thin-film lithium niobate photonics foundry in Tempe, Arizona. The Nasdaq-listed stock (QUBT) saw sharp swings in 2025, rising several-fold before pulling back.
Global specialty semiconductor foundry (acquired by Intel, subsequently divested) manufacturing photonic chips for quantum computing companies. Expanded silicon photonics collaboration with Xanadu (February 2026) for fault-tolerant quantum hardware fabrication. In August 2026 OpenLight made its design kit for Tower’s PH18DA indium phosphide on silicon platform available inside Cadence’s chip design tools. The platform puts lasers, modulators and amplifiers on one chip, so customers can design photonic circuits in the software they already use for ordinary chips.
Silicon and spin-qubit companies 6 companies
Silicon spin qubits store information in the spin of single electrons inside semiconductor quantum dots. Their backers argue that reusing the existing chip industry gives the clearest path to manufacturing at scale.
Delivered what it describes as the first full-stack silicon CMOS quantum computer to the UK NQCC in September 2025, under CEO James Palles-Dimmock. It is built on a 300mm wafer process, integrating QPU, cryogenic control and dilution refrigerator into three server racks. In September 2026 it raised a Series C round led by DCVC and Kembara, with imec.ventures, Lansdowne Partners, Sony Innovation Fund, S3 Ventures and Inkef also taking part. The company says the money pays for custom silicon work and a new laboratory in Maryland. It is aiming at machines costing single-digit millions rather than the $100 million or more asked for many rival designs, and has entered stage B of DARPA’s Quantum Benchmarking Initiative.
IntelNASDAQ: INTC🇺🇸 USIntel pursues silicon spin qubits fabricated on its standard 300mm production lines, led by quantum hardware director Jim Clarke. Its Tunnel Falls test chip and cryogenic Horse Ridge control electronics reflect a bet that decades of semiconductor manufacturing experience will help with quantum scaling.
A Sydney company developing CMOS quantum-dot spin qubits, spun out of UNSW under CEO Professor Andrew Dzurak. It has raised more than A$130 million and partners with GlobalFoundries to fabricate silicon qubits on standard foundry lines. Diraq has put an eight-qubit silicon spin machine into an Equinix data centre in Sydney, a system it says fits a standard server rack and draws under 20 kilowatts. Its published roadmap targets 150,000 physical qubits supporting up to 1,000 logical qubits by 2029, and more than 2 million physical qubits on one chip by 2031.
Israeli startup under CEO Shmuel Bachinsky developing silicon-based quantum processors drawing on semiconductor fabrication expertise from the Technion. The company is a bet that silicon spin qubits, manufactured using processes honed over decades in the classical chip industry, will ultimately win the scaling race to millions of qubits.
Founded and led by CEO Professor Michelle Simmons (2018 Australian of the Year), developing precision atom qubits in silicon at UNSW Sydney. Uses scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) lithography to place individual phosphorus atoms in silicon with atomic precision, creating one of the most precisely engineered qubits. Michelle Simmons founded the company in 2017 as a University of New South Wales spin-out and still runs it. It lists two products in market, Watermelon, a quantum feature generator for machine learning, and Quantum Twins, a quantum analogue simulator for materials design.
Grenoble-based silicon spin qubit company under CEO Maud Vinet developing quantum processors on standard 300mm FD-SOI semiconductor wafers, the same substrate used in billions of smartphones. Spun out of CEA-Leti and CNRS in 2022. In September 2026 Quobly signed agreements with the Dutch institute TNO on device characterisation and with Orange Quantum Systems on automated testing. Both target the way qubit performance varies from one device to the next. Absolut System has also built a cooling platform to Quobly’s specification, delivering 100 mW of cooling power at 500 mK.
Diamond and NV-centre companies 4 companies
Diamond and nitrogen-vacancy systems use defects in synthetic diamond as qubits that work at room temperature. The companies here target portable and embedded quantum devices rather than large data-centre machines.
An Australian-German company building diamond nitrogen-vacancy processors that run at room temperature under CEO Mark Luo, avoiding dilution refrigerators. Its systems have been deployed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Germany’s Fraunhofer IAF. In July 2026 it joined a Honeywell Aerospace consortium for the European Space Agency, supplying its NV-diamond sensing for a compact space magnetometer due by 2027. Jagiellonian University in Krakow is the third partner, and Honeywell’s engineering team in Brno leads the work. Researchers at Oak Ridge also presented work run on its six-qubit Quoll machine at the laboratory’s annual user forum in July.
Leipzig-based quantum computing startup developing diamond NV-centre quantum processors that operate at room temperature, similar to Quantum Brilliance’s approach. Spun out of Leipzig University. In July 2026 the company put its 128-qubit SXQ128 on sale and said a 512-qubit model would follow in the second quarter of 2027. It describes the SXQ128 as the first diamond NV-centre machine past 10 qubits, and says the systems run at room temperature inside a standard server rack.
Quantum magnetometer company using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond for mining and geology applications, led by CEO Eric Giroux since April 2026. It is based in Sherbrooke, Quebec, where founder David Roy-Guay now serves as chief technology officer.
Applies nitrogen-vacancy (NV) diamond quantum sensing to biomedical diagnostics under CEO Dr. Colin Connolly from Cambridge, Massachusetts. Spun out of Harvard research.
Topological quantum computing companies 1 company
Topological approaches aim to store information in exotic quantum states that resist local noise. The field remains early, with Microsoft the most visible participant.
Microsoft Azure QuantumNASDAQ: MSFT🇺🇸 USMicrosoft introduced Majorana 1 in February 2025, a chip it describes as a step toward topological qubits built on a topoconductor material, led by technical fellow Krysta Svore. Azure Quantum also provides cloud access to hardware from IonQ, Quantinuum, Rigetti and Atom Computing alongside its Q# toolkit. Microsoft has added a Quantum Resource Estimator to its Quantum Development Kit, which turns a quantum program into an estimate of the physical qubits and the runtime it would need. Developers build separate application, architecture and error-correction models and swap one at a time, and the kit also reads programs written in Qiskit, Cirq and OpenQASM.
Quantum annealing companies 1 company
Quantum annealing tackles optimisation problems by letting a system settle into a low-energy configuration. D-Wave pioneered the commercial category and is now expanding into gate-model hardware.
The oldest pure-play quantum company, founded in 1999 and led by CEO Dr. Alan Baratz, whose Advantage2 annealing processor exceeds 4,400 qubits. D-Wave reported in Science in March 2025 a magnetic-materials simulation it framed as beyond the reach of classical methods, a claim disputed by researchers at the Flatiron Institute and EPFL. In August 2026 D-Wave reported a two-qubit entangling gate at 99.9 per cent fidelity in Nature, using a dual-rail design the company says cuts logical error rates tenfold per round of correction. NTT DOCOMO has also put a second D-Wave application into its live network. D-Wave says it trimmed the daily peak of location registration signals by 65.3 per cent and paging signals by 7.0 per cent.
Quantum networking and communication companies 16 companies
Quantum networking companies build the links, repeaters and key-distribution hardware that connect quantum devices and secure communications. Many of these firms supply the plumbing that other quantum computing companies depend on.
Japan’s largest telecommunications group with extensive quantum networking and computing research. NTT Research operates dedicated quantum laboratories in Silicon Valley and Japan. In August 2026 NTT formed an alliance with OptQC and said it plans to invest in the firm, aiming at an optical machine of about one million fault-tolerant qubits by fiscal 2030. NTT has built an optical quantum research hub at its Atsugi centre, while OptQC runs its first machine, MoQuren, at AIST. The research arm also says it contributed to 28 papers accepted at CRYPTO 2026, much of that work on post-quantum cryptography.
South Korea’s largest mobile operator with a dedicated quantum technology division. Strategic investor in ID Quantique and co-developer of the Samsung Galaxy Quantum phone series embedding QRNG chips for hardware-level security.
UK’s largest telecommunications company with a dedicated quantum research team at Adastral Park, Suffolk. Operating one of the UK’s most advanced quantum key distribution trial networks, demonstrating secure communications over existing BT fibre infrastructure.
Global networking leader ($57B+ revenue) developing quantum networking software under quantum research head Reza Nejabati. Invested in Qunnect through Cisco Investments and co-demonstrated record-breaking entanglement swapping over commercial fibre in New York (February 2026), with Cisco’s orchestration software acting as a digital air traffic controller for the metro-scale quantum network. Cisco is also running a live quantum key distribution network at its photonics centre in Vimercate, Italy, where keys pass straight into its routers. Aliro’s software manages that link and reroutes traffic when the error rate or the eavesdropper checks drift out of range.
Europe’s largest telecommunications company with active quantum research through T-Labs in Berlin. In February 2026, demonstrated quantum teleportation over 30km of live commercial Berlin fibre running alongside classical internet traffic, using Qunnect’s Carina platform, achieving 90% average accuracy. In July 2026 the European Commission picked the company to coordinate the build of EuroQCI, the continent’s planned quantum communication network. The role sits inside the PETRUS 2 project and prepares for deployments funded through the Connecting Europe Facility and IRIS2.
Developed the Phio Trusted Xchange (Phio TX) platform under CEO Eddy Zervigon for WAN and long-haul quantum-secure networking. Based in Bethesda, Maryland.
Ottawa-based developer of quantum-secure communications solutions, founded by CEO James Nguyen. QiSpace platform provides end-to-end quantum-safe encryption for enterprise and government networks through three integrated products: SEQUR (quantum entropy as a service), QiVault (quantum-safe key management) and MASQ (data protection). Quantropi says its QiSpace tools for embedded devices now cover random number generation, secure boot, network protection and application security, all in software rather than new silicon. The company says its random number generator draws on timing jitter in ordinary processors and is built to meet NIST SP 800-90B and FIPS 140-3 entropy rules.
London-based developer of post-quantum encryption products led by CEO Andersen Cheng, founded in 2009, making it one of the earliest companies dedicated to PQC and operating years before the quantum threat was widely recognised. Products include quantum-safe VPNs, secure messaging and digital identity solutions.
More networking and communication companies
one of China’s largest commercial quantum communications companies under CEO Zhao Yong, publicly listed on the Shanghai STAR Market (688027.SH). Deployed the 2,000km Beijing-Shanghai quantum communication backbone (one of the world’s longest quantum network) and supplied QKD equipment to Chinese banking, government and military infrastructure.
Founded by Duncan Earl, acquired by IonQ. Brought 118 US and international patents in quantum networking, one of the largest quantum IP portfolios in the sector.
Quantum networking software and simulation tools for designing and deploying quantum networks. It was co-founded by Michael Cubeddu with quantum researcher Prineha Narang, drawing on her Harvard laboratory. Cisco has been testing Aliro Orchestrator on a live quantum key distribution network at its photonics centre in Vimercate, Italy, where the software watches error rates and can reroute traffic on its own. Aliro was also among the first four firms to use ABQ-Net, the open access quantum network in New Mexico.
Entanglement distribution hardware company building optical interconnects for quantum networks under co-founder and CEO Mihir Bhaskar. Founded by Harvard-trained quantum researchers, it was acquired by IonQ in 2025.
Provides optical communications systems for quantum satellite networks. Acquired by IonQ, extending the company’s networking platform into space-based quantum communications. A July 2026 Falcon 9 launch took Skyloom’s optical terminal count in low Earth orbit to 84, flying on York Space Systems satellites. IonQ says the fleet serves the Space Development Agency and is among the largest laser communication footprints now in orbit.
Building one of the first Quantum Modem, a device that translates quantum information between microwave and optical frequencies, enabling quantum computers to communicate over standard telecom fibre. Based in Delft. QphoX is a founding member of the Quantum Datacenter Alliance, set up in 2025 with Nu Quantum, Cisco, NTT Data, OQC, Quantinuum and QuEra. The group was formed to work on fitting quantum hardware into existing data centre infrastructure, the problem that decides whether these machines can be deployed at all.
Developing quantum-secured enterprise communications platforms for corporate and government networks. It provides turnkey quantum-safe networking solutions that integrate with existing IT infrastructure, enabling organisations to protect sensitive data in transit without wholesale network replacement.
Brooklyn-based quantum networking pioneer under CEO Noel Goddard, one of the first companies to deploy metro-scale entanglement-based quantum networks on commercial fibre. Raised $10M Series A extension (June 2025) led by Airbus Ventures with Cisco Investments and Quantonation. DARPA is now funding Qunnect to develop its Carina entanglement distribution rack, which corrects the polarisation drift that spoils quantum signals on ordinary telecom fibre. The company says it anchors networks in New York, Bozeman, Berlin and Albuquerque, and in August 2026 it agreed a manufacturing partnership with Monarch Quantum.
Quantum sensing and timing companies 9 companies
Quantum sensing and timing companies exploit atomic and photonic effects to measure fields, gravity and time with high precision. These quantum computing companies often reach market well before large-scale quantum computers.
Lockheed MartinNYSE: LMT🇺🇸 USOne of the largest defence contractors ($67B revenue) and one of the earliest enterprise adopters of quantum computing, under CTO Craig Martell. Lockheed Martin purchased one of D-Wave’s first commercial systems in 2011 for NASA’s Ames Research Center, making it a quantum pioneer on the customer side rather than as a hardware developer. The company says it has worked on quantum science since 2008 and made the field a priority area in 2021, alongside directed energy, hypersonics and autonomy. Its nearer-term interest is sensing, meaning devices that measure motion, gravity, magnetic fields and time more finely than ordinary instruments. In September 2026 it joined IBM to open a quantum hub at ETH Zurich, where it will study the additive manufacturing of metal alloys.
Major US defence and aerospace contractor ($40B+ revenue) with quantum activities spanning sensing, computing and cryptography. Developing quantum inertial navigation sensors for GPS-denied military environments and quantum magnetometers for submarine detection. Northrop Grumman flew SandboxAQ’s AQNav magnetic navigation software on its Lumberjack drone, the first reported pairing of magnetic and visual navigation on a one way attack aircraft. Engineers installed the software in under an hour, and the company says the drone reached this test within fourteen months of its first flight.
BAE SystemsLSE: BA.🇬🇧 UKUK’s largest defence contractor with dedicated quantum technology programmes across sensing, communications and computing. Developing cold-atom quantum inertial navigation systems for submarines and aircraft operating in GPS-denied environments. Two UK quantum sensing projects reported in September 2026 draw on its integration work, one using optically pumped magnetometers to cover large areas at high precision. It also supports QERI, a radar project led by the University of Birmingham that has tested Infleqtion’s Tiqker clocks on the ADRAN radar testbed outside the laboratory.
Major US defence and aerospace conglomerate ($69B revenue) with quantum activities spanning sensing, radar and cryptography through Raytheon BBN Technologies. BBN has deep roots in quantum information science, having operated DARPA’s first quantum network testbed and published foundational quantum networking research.
DARPA selected Q-CTRL for a $24.4M Robust Quantum Sensors contract (August 2025), one of the largest quantum sensing awards to an Australian company. Ironstone Opal, a ruggedised quantum sensor for GPS-denied navigation, was named TIME Best Invention of 2025. In August 2026 the company said it had run Ironstone Opal at sea in the Coral Sea off eastern Australia, holding position to within one nautical mile with no satellite signal. The system reads small changes in the Earth’s gravity and matches them to a map, which Q-CTRL says cannot be jammed or spoofed. Its researchers also ran a 100-qubit Quantum Fourier Transform on IBM’s 156-qubit Heron r3, twice the size of any earlier demonstration.
Aquark Technologies🇬🇧 UKPortable cold-atom quantum sensor company building devices for navigation, timing and gravimetry from the UK, under co-founder and CEO Andrei Dragomir. It focuses on defence and aerospace applications where GPS denial or spoofing poses operational risks. In June 2026 Aquark ran a trial with the Royal Navy, Saab UK, QinetiQ and Dstl that linked two radars into one air picture timed only by its cold atom clock. Two AQlock 2.0 units placed at separate sites reached an acceptable timing signal in under 30 minutes, the company says.
Developed atomic clocks and inertial sensors using trapped atoms under founder Dr. Jamil Abo-Shaeer (former DARPA programme manager), achieving exceptional precision in compact, deployable form factors. Acquired by IonQ, extending the company’s platform into quantum sensing and precision timing. The purchase closed in October 2025, and in August 2026 IonQ said it would deliver 125 Evergreen-05 optical clocks to US government customers under a $28 million DARPA contract extension. IonQ says the clock holds its timing to 50 femtoseconds at one second and takes up a seventy-fifth of the volume of a hydrogen maser. DARPA has since picked the company for a programme to mass-produce such clocks, with a factory due to open by the middle of 2027.
Now part of the Exail group, headquartered in Talence, France. Develops quantum gravimeters (Absolute Quantum Gravimeter), accelerometers and atomic clocks based on cold atom technology.
Canberra-based quantum sensing company developing portable cold-atom gravimeters and accelerometers under CEO Dr. Kyle Hardman. Spun out of the Australian National University.
Post-quantum cryptography and security companies 24 companies
Post-quantum cryptography and security companies protect data against future quantum attacks using new algorithms and quantum key distribution. This is one of the fastest commercialising corners of the industry.
Hybrid quantum-classical technology company under founder and CEO Markus Pflitsch providing Quantum-as-a-Service (QaaS) across algorithms, security and computing. Raised $85.9M from Lakestar and Investcorp in one of Europe’s largest quantum rounds. In July 2026 Terra Quantum and the vehicle software firm Apex.AI said they had secured traffic between a robotics platform and its cloud control system. They used the post-quantum encryption standards published by NIST. The two say the change needed no rewrite of the applications already running, which matters for machines that stay in service for a decade or more.
Global electronics conglomerate with quantum activities spanning investment, hardware and security. Samsung Catalyst Fund co-led IonQ’s $55M round alongside Mubadala and has invested in multiple quantum startups. The Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology and OTI Lumionics reported in the Journal of the American Chemical Society that they emulated more than 200 qubits on a single commercial CPU. The run used 32 processes and 800GB of memory, and the pair say a 112-qubit ground-state calculation finished in about an hour.
One of the most active financial institutions adopting quantum computing globally, with a Global Technology Applied Research (GTAR) team now led by Rob Otter (formerly State Street) that partners with quantum companies rather than building its own hardware. In March 2025, JPMorgan co-authored a landmark Nature paper with Quantinuum demonstrating Certified Randomness, an early real-world commercial application of a quantum computer. In July 2026 the bank and Argonne National Laboratory reported evidence that a quantum optimisation algorithm may beat classical methods on hard scheduling problems. The work was accepted by Physical Review Letters, and the team says a mathematical link to a well studied physics model let it judge sizes no classical computer can check.
Major European defence and technology group (€18B+ revenue) with dedicated quantum activities across cryptography, communications and sensing under CEO Patrice Caine. Develops quantum key distribution solutions and PQC implementations for military and government networks. Thales has launched Luna 8, a hardware security module that stores cryptographic keys for both current and post-quantum algorithms. Its own 2026 Data Threat Report says 59 percent of organisations are already prototyping post-quantum cryptography.
A WISeKey subsidiary led by CEO Carlos Moreira, SEALSQ designs secure semiconductors that embed NIST post-quantum algorithms directly into hardware. Listed on Nasdaq as LAES, it targets IoT, automotive and industrial devices that cannot run heavy cryptography in software. In August 2026 SEALSQ put $24.5 million into Quobly and EeroQ, part of a planned $200 million allocation it calls a sovereign quantum vertical stack. With sister company WISeSat it also announced a quantum security service run from orbit, and says the constellation could reach 100 satellites by 2033.
The company says it is one of only three companies worldwide offering post-quantum cryptography as hardware-implementable IP cores for semiconductor integration (alongside Envieta and ResQuant). Oxford-based, founded by CEO Dr. Ali El Kaafarani (former GCHQ cryptographer). A survey published by the company in September 2026 set out how national rules for post-quantum algorithms now differ. It notes that authorities are targeting 2030 for critical products and 2035 for the rest. The US National Security Agency rejects the hybrid classical and post-quantum schemes that France and Germany recommend, which makes one worldwide product hard to certify.
Spun out of Alphabet in 2022 under CEO Jack Hidary, SandboxAQ sells its AQtive Guard software to help enterprises inventory and migrate cryptography to post-quantum standards. It has raised more than $300 million from investors including Google, Nvidia and T. Rowe Price. Its AQNav magnetic navigation software flew for the first time on Northrop Grumman’s Lumberjack drone. SandboxAQ says engineers installed it in under an hour because the software does not depend on particular hardware. The company has also released AQCat, a model for screening catalysts that it says works up to 20,000 times faster than laboratory methods testing fewer than 100 materials a week.
US-based developer of hardware-implemented PQC solutions delivered as IP cores for semiconductor manufacturers, based in Columbia, Maryland. It implements NIST-approved algorithms including ML-KEM (Kyber), ML-DSA (Dilithium) and SLH-DSA (SPHINCS+) with performance optimised for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Polish startup offering post-quantum cryptography as hardware IP cores for semiconductor integration, alongside PQShield and Envieta. It is based in Łódź and develops accelerators for NIST algorithms including Kyber and Dilithium.
BTQ TechnologiesNASDAQ: BTQ🇨🇦 CanadaCo-founded by brothers Olivier (CEO & Chairman) and Nicolas (COO) Roussy Newton in 2021, BTQ builds post-quantum infrastructure for blockchain and critical networks. Listed on Nasdaq (BTQ) since September 2025 alongside CBOE Canada and Frankfurt (NG3), with inclusion in the MSCI Canada Small Cap Index, VanEck Quantum Computing UCITS ETF, and Defiance QTUM ETF. It completed its acquisition of the Strasbourg simulation firm QPerfect in the second quarter of 2026, adding quantum emulation and digital twin software to its security work. In August 2026 it also signed a memorandum of understanding with the Korean IT group ITCENGLOBAL to put post-quantum cryptography into financial networks and public sector systems.
Pivoted from remote access software to quantum-safe security under CEO Andrew Cheung with IronCAP, a proprietary PQC platform using lattice-based cryptography. Listed on TSX Venture Exchange (ONE).
Quantum random number generator company (QRNG) and quantum-safe encryption solutions from Montreal under CEO Francis Bellido. It is listed on the TSX Venture Exchange (QNC). In August 2026 the company submitted its eCore-Q entropy module to NIST for validation against Special Publication 800-90B, after an independent assessment by Lightship Security. A certificate would let customers use the module inside later FIPS 140-3 submissions, though the company notes the review carries no guaranteed outcome or timetable.
More post-quantum and QKD companies
Pioneer of commercial quantum key distribution since 2001 under founder and CEO Dr. Gregoire Ribordy, making it one of the oldest quantum technology companies in the world. Spun out of the University of Geneva.
London-based company providing cloud-based quantum encryption through its QuantumCloud platform. Listed on NYSE (ARQQ). Arqit, Es’hailSat and AIEE ran a live quantum-safe link over the Es’hail-1 satellite from a teleport in Doha, which Arqit says added protection without changes to the existing network. In Geneva the company’s key agreement platform was used to extend a sovereign data centre into a public cloud with nLighten.
Toshiba Quantum Technology🇯🇵 JapanToshiba runs a long-standing quantum key distribution programme from its Cambridge Research Laboratory in the UK, led by Dr. Andrew Shields. It supplies commercial QKD systems and developed the twin-field protocol that extends secure key distances, while Toshiba Corporation itself was taken private in December 2023.
Full-stack quantum cybersecurity platform spanning quantum random number generation (qStream), key management (qOptica) and quantum-safe encryption (Trusted Security Foundation). Backed by In-Q-Tel, Telstra Ventures and the Australian Government.
London-based company building IoT security solutions using quantum physics for unforgeable device authentication. Founded by CEO Dr. Shahram Mossayebi (PhD in post-quantum cryptography, University of Surrey).
UK-based quantum cybersecurity consultancy under founder and CEO Anna Beata Kalisz Hedegaard with 1,000+ members including CISOs, government officials and security researchers. It provides enterprise quantum risk assessments, supply chain security consulting and executive briefings.
New York-based quantum security company led by CEO Kevin Chalker (former intelligence community), providing quantum-secure encryption through a fundamentally different approach: rather than distributing keys, Qrypt generates identical random keys independently at multiple endpoints using synchronised quantum random number sources. This eliminates key distribution entirely, removing the primary attack vector in conventional cryptography.
Waterloo-based quantum-safe security advisory and technology company, co-founded by CEO Dr. Michele Mosca (one of a leading quantum cryptography researchers) and Norbert Lutkenhaus. Provides quantum risk assessment tools, migration planning and consulting services for organisations transitioning to post-quantum cryptographic standards.
India’s leading quantum security company, headquartered in Bangalore. Develops QKD systems (Armos), quantum random number generators (Tropos) and quantum-safe encryption solutions (Hodos) for banking, defence and government applications.
Oxford-based quantum random number generator company developing one of the first source-device-independent QRNG, which provides certified randomness without trusting the internal components of the device. Spun out of the University of Oxford’s Department of Physics. Seven years after winning the first cohort of Oxford’s student entrepreneurship programme, it now describes itself as venture-backed and revenue-generating. It has since built a scalable probabilistic processing unit on top of the random number generators it already sells.
Paris-based post-quantum cryptography company providing enterprise migration tools for transitioning from vulnerable classical cryptography to quantum-safe algorithms. Develops the C-QAR (Crypto Agility and Remediation) platform that audits, tests and migrates cryptographic assets across enterprise IT infrastructure.
Building satellite-based quantum key distribution systems under CEO Lum Chune Yang for global quantum communication networks from Singapore. Spun out of the National University of Singapore’s Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT).
Components, cryogenics and control electronics 10 companies
Component and control companies supply the cryogenics, wiring, electronics and detectors that every hardware platform needs. Without these suppliers, few quantum computing companies could operate their machines.
Market leader in dilution refrigerators under CEO Jonas Geust, headquartered in Helsinki, Finland. It was founded in 2008 by Rob Blaauwgeers from the Low Temperature Laboratory at Aalto University. Bluefors Research has put a number on how tightly the microwave wires that control qubits can be packed. In a Physical Review Letters paper the team measured crosstalk between stripline pairs and tied it to gate accuracy. On a 30mm square chip it puts the ceiling at just under 300 physical qubits if two-qubit gates are to stay at 99.9% fidelity.
Swiss manufacturer of quantum computing control systems under CEO Andrea Orzati, building the lock-in amplifiers, signal generators and analysers used by leading hardware companies and research labs worldwide. Co-founded by Sadik Hafizovic in 2008, its SHFQC instrument provides multi-channel qubit control and readout in a single box, designed for scaling superconducting quantum processors.
Builds scalable qubit control electronics from Delft, Netherlands, under CEO Niels Bultink, designed specifically for large-scale quantum computers. Founded in 2018 from QuTech (TU Delft/TNO).
Keysight Technologies🇺🇸 USMajor US test and measurement company under CEO Satish Dhanasekaran developing quantum computing control electronics and characterisation tools. Annual revenue $5B+.
Munich-based manufacturer of cryogen-free cooling systems under CEO Dr. Alexander Regnat using adiabatic demagnetisation refrigeration (ADR). Raised €13M in Series A-2 co-led by 55 North and Bayern Kapital.
More components and control companies
Produces cryogenic low-noise amplifiers from Gothenburg, Sweden, under founder and CEO Niklas Wadefalk, serving quantum computing and radio astronomy markets. Its products include HEMT (High Electron Mobility Transistor) amplifiers operating at 4 Kelvin that achieve noise temperatures approaching quantum limits.
Major US semiconductor company under CEO Vincent Roche (NASDAQ: ADI, $12B+ revenue) developing signal processing and control electronics applicable to quantum computing. Provides precision data converters, signal generators and RF components used in quantum processor control and readout systems.
Manufactures cryogenic flexible cabling (Cri/oFlex) under CEO Sal Bosman, specifically designed for quantum computing applications. Spun out of TU Delft.
Automated calibration and benchmarking software for quantum computers under CEO Kees Franken, spun out of QuTech at TU Delft by co-founder Thorsten Last. Its Quantify platform automates the complex, time-consuming process of characterising and calibrating quantum processors, reducing days of manual work to hours. The company signed a memorandum of understanding with the French silicon qubit maker Quobly to automate testing of spin qubits across whole wafers and batches. It also scheduled factory acceptance testing of its MAX system in Delft for 1 September 2026, with IQM joining the MAX partnership programme and contributing a demonstrator.
AmpliTech GroupNASDAQ: AMPGManufactures cryogenic HEMT amplifiers operating at 4 Kelvin for quantum computing readout chains, under CEO Fawad Maqbool. Based in Bohemia, New York.
Software, cloud and error-correction companies 24 companies
Software, cloud and error-correction companies build the compilers, control stacks and applications that turn hardware into usable systems. Several of the largest technology firms sit in this layer as platform providers.
Tokyo-based quantum software company (formerly Quantum Native Systems) developing quantum computing algorithms for chemistry and materials science applications. Raised $29.7M from Global Brain, JIC Venture Growth, Mitsubishi Electric, Zeon Corporation and others. RIKEN will use QunaSys’s QURI SDK Enterprise to link the Fugaku supercomputer with IBM’s Quantum System Two in Kobe and Quantinuum’s H2 machine, Reimei. QunaSys says the software lets users reach those quantum devices straight from Fugaku’s compute nodes rather than running them apart.
Tel Aviv-based quantum error mitigation company under CEO Dr. Asif Sinay (Talpiot alumnus) developing software that enables quantum circuits up to 1,000 times larger to run accurately on today’s noisy hardware. Raised $26M Series A (July 2025) led by Glilot+ with IBM, Korea Investment Partners and TPY Capital. Qedma and IBM report reaching quantum advantage on a two dimensional Floquet Ising model at up to 74 qubits, a scale where classical runs on the Fugaku supercomputer disagreed with each other. Working with the University of Copenhagen and the Technical University of Denmark, Qedma says its QESEM software improved quantum chemistry accuracy by 30 to 50 percent on IBM’s Aachen processor.
High-level quantum circuit design platform under CEO Nir Minerbi that lets developers specify computational intent rather than gate-level implementation. The synthesis engine automatically generates optimised circuits from functional models, reducing months of manual circuit engineering to minutes. Classiq has partnered with the Taiwanese distributor Kensho to sell its platform to government agencies, research institutes and companies in Taiwan. The two say the first targets are chemical and materials firms, along with defence organisations working on simulation and optimisation problems.
Building the operating system for fault-tolerant quantum computing under CEO Dr. Steve Brierley, focused entirely on error correction. Deltaflow 2 installed at Oak Ridge National Lab (September 2025), first dedicated real-time QEC integration at a US national lab. In September 2026 Riverlane and Altera validated Riverlane’s Quantum Error Correction Interface on Agilex 7 FPGAs and published the design example on GitHub. The work is aimed at the fast data movement between control hardware and decoders that error correction demands. It has also opened a community fund with the Unitary Foundation paying $2,000 to $4,000 for features added to its open-source Deltakit toolkit.
Enterprise quantum computing platform headquartered in Austin, Texas, founded by CEO William Hurley (whurley). Hardware-agnostic access to multiple quantum backends and classical simulation tools through a unified interface. In August 2026 Strangeworks and the defence engineering firm Davidson began a joint proof of concept on military logistics and resource allocation. The two firms say they will compare quantum and classical approaches on the same planning problems.
Quantum algorithm development and enterprise consulting firm, founded by CEO Matt Johnson and KP Prabhu (former SAP executive). Raised $33M in funding from In-Q-Tel, Citi and Samsung. In September 2026 QC Ware and IonQ reported 0.5 kcal per mol on the electrostatic interaction energy of an enzyme active site. That sits inside the 1 kcal per mol mark usually called chemically accurate. The run paired its Promethium software with IonQ’s Forte trapped-ion machine, after an earlier demonstration on IBM’s 156-qubit Heron processor.
Helsinki-based quantum software company focused exclusively on life sciences and drug discovery applications. Founded in 2020 by CEO Sabrina Maniscalco (Professor of Quantum Information at the University of Helsinki).
A Singapore-based quantum compiler technology company developing automated tools that convert classical code into quantum circuits without requiring quantum programming expertise. Its $110M PIPE in December 2025, tied to the dMY Squared SPAC, was led by IonQ and a Fortune 50 company, while earlier venture backers included SoftBank, Samsung, Tencent and EDBI. In August 2026 it released Beryllium, which brings classes and objects, the building blocks of ordinary software, to its Triple Alpha development environment. Horizon says Beryllium sits at the top of that stack and compiles down to its lower-level Helium and Hydrogen languages. Early users also reached Ember-1, a testbed in Singapore that gives pulse-level control, and the company has started a calibration project with Quantum Machines.
Quantum simulation software for computational chemistry and materials science under CEO Toru Shiozaki, spun out of Harvard’s Aspuru-Guzik group. Provides tools for molecular modelling that combine both classical and quantum computing resources.
Focuses on molecular simulation for drug discovery and materials design under CEO Arman Zaribafiyan, built on deep expertise originally developed at 1QBit. Headquartered in Vancouver.
Toronto-based developer of Covalent under CEO Oktay Goktas, an open-source workflow orchestration tool for hybrid quantum-classical computing with over 6,000 GitHub stars. Covalent enables researchers and developers to manage complex computational workflows that span quantum processors, GPUs and classical CPUs, automatically handling resource allocation, dependency management and result aggregation.
Singapore-based quantum software company focusing on near-term quantum devices, specialising in variational quantum algorithms and quantum machine learning. Co-founded by CEO Tommaso Demarie and Joe Fitzsimons.
More software and cloud companies
Vancouver-based pioneer of quantum software and algorithms under CEO Andrew Fursman, founded in 2012 as one of the first quantum software companies globally. Deep expertise in mapping real-world problems in finance, materials science and life sciences onto quantum hardware.
Blueqat🇯🇵 JapanQuantum computing cloud services and educational tools company based in Tokyo, founded by CEO Yuichiro Minato. An early quantum computing company in Japan.
Krakow-based developer of hybrid classical-quantum software for computational chemistry and drug discovery, with further offices in Toronto and Maryland. Founded in 2017 by CEO Paulina Mazurek.
Quantum algorithms company under CEO Ashley Montanaro (Professor, University of Bristol) developing hardware-agnostic algorithms that extract useful results from today’s noisy quantum hardware rather than waiting for fault-tolerant machines. Raised $50M+ including $34M Series B (September 2025) co-led by Plural, Playground Global and Novo Holdings’ Quantum Fund (its first direct quantum software investment).
Karlsruhe-based quantum algorithm and compilation company developing hardware-aware quantum algorithms that maximise the performance of near-term quantum processors. Raised €10.5M in Series A (2024) led by QuantonaTion and HV Capital.
Karlsruhe-based quantum software company under CEO Michael Marthaler developing simulation software for predicting molecular properties, targeting specialty chemicals, pharmaceuticals and materials science. Raised $19.8M from UVC Partners, TRUMPF Venture, HTGF and the European Innovation Council.
Strasbourg-based quantum software company developing MIMIQ, a high-performance quantum circuit simulator that accurately models noise and errors in real quantum hardware. Enables researchers and enterprises to test quantum algorithms at scale before running on expensive quantum processors. BTQ Technologies completed its purchase of QPerfect in the second quarter of 2026, making it a subsidiary of the Nasdaq-listed security firm. QPerfect is also building a hardware-accurate digital twin of aQCess, the University of Strasbourg neutral-atom platform that is aiming at more than 400 qubits.
Amazon Web ServicesNASDAQ: AMZN🇺🇸 USCloud access to quantum hardware through Amazon Braket, integrating QuEra, IQM, Rigetti and others. Maintains its own Center for Quantum Computing in Pasadena developing superconducting processors. Researchers from Amazon Braket and NVIDIA published a cost model for hybrid quantum and classical workflows that separates quantum compute, classical compute and communication. They report that placing a quantum processor next to a supercomputer brings little benefit for compute-heavy work, while tight coupling still matters for real-time tasks such as error correction.
Nvidia has become default infrastructure for quantum research through its CUDA-Q platform and cuQuantum simulation libraries, under CEO Jensen Huang. Its NVentures arm has invested in Quantinuum, PsiQuantum, SandboxAQ and IonQ, and it opened a quantum research centre in Boston in 2025.
Boehringer Ingelheim🇩🇪 GermanyAn early pharmaceutical mover that established a dedicated team for quantum computing applications (2021) under CEO Hubertus von Baumbach, focused on using quantum hardware from partners for molecular simulation and drug discovery. Boehringer partners with Google Quantum AI for computational chemistry and with IBM Quantum for molecular dynamics simulation, rather than building quantum systems itself.
Major European IT services company (now operating quantum under the Eviden brand) providing quantum computing simulation, consulting and hybrid integration services. The Quantum Learning Machine (QLM) is one of the most powerful quantum simulators, capable of emulating up to 41 qubits and used by research institutions and enterprises across Europe.
Developed the OPX+ quantum orchestration platform used by major hardware companies and research institutions worldwide. Based in Tel Aviv, founded by CEO Itamar Sivan, CTO Yonatan Cohen and Nissim Ofek. Quantum Machines and Academia Sinica say they cut two-qubit gate calibration from about 15 minutes to 25 seconds by wiring an OPX1000 controller to a GPU through OPNIC. A reinforcement learning agent used the live hardware feedback, and the pair report it also tuned every parameter of a five-qubit circuit at once.
Enterprise adopters and consulting 4 companies
Enterprise adopters and consultancies help large organisations plan for quantum computing and post-quantum migration. These quantum computing companies shape near-term demand across finance, defence and industry.
Operates the Accenture Quantum Lab (established 2017 under CEO Julie Sweet), providing end-to-end quantum strategy, implementation and managed services. Identified 150+ promising quantum computing use cases across pharmaceuticals, finance, logistics, energy and materials science.
One of Europe’s largest IT consultancies under CEO Aiman Ezzat, helping enterprise clients evaluate and adopt quantum computing through its dedicated Quantum Lab. Capgemini builds proof-of-concept applications for clients in automotive, energy, financial services and aerospace using hardware from IBM Quantum, Pasqal and other providers, acting as a systems integrator rather than a quantum technology developer.
Major Wall Street bank and one of the most active financial institutions exploring quantum computing applications, partnering with quantum startups rather than building its own hardware. Goldman works with QC Ware on quantum Monte Carlo methods for derivatives pricing and with AWS through Amazon Braket on quantum algorithms for risk management and portfolio optimisation.
Major US government consulting firm under CEO Horacio Rozanski (NYSE: BAH, $10B+ revenue) with a dedicated quantum technology practice established in 2019. Advises defence, intelligence and federal agencies on quantum computing strategy, PQC migration, quantum sensing deployment and workforce readiness. Booz Allen returned as presenting sponsor of the 2026 Quantum Startup Pitch Competition, and put up a $25,000 grand prize for the winning quantum startup. The contest is part of Quantum World Congress in College Park, Maryland, and covers quantum computing, sensing and cybersecurity.
Investors, funds and corporate ventures 17 companies
Investors, funds and corporate venture arms supply the capital behind the sector. The organisations here have backed many of the quantum computing companies profiled above.
Abu Dhabi sovereign wealth fund managing $302B+ in assets with strategic quantum technology investments. Co-led IonQ’s $55M round alongside Samsung Catalyst Fund.
Airbus🇫🇷 FranceThe most active aerospace company in quantum technology adoption, under CEO Guillaume Faury. Launched a global Quantum Computing Challenge in 2024 attracting 420+ teams from 45 countries, and Airbus Ventures has invested in IonQ, Q-CTRL, QC Ware, PsiQuantum and other quantum startups. Airbus is building an optical ground station for SES at the NL Space Campus in Noordwijk, under a ground lease signed in July 2026. The station will be the main ground link for EAGLE-1, the European satellite meant to demonstrate quantum key distribution from orbit.
Leading deep-tech venture firm managing $5B+ across multiple funds, and one of the earliest institutional investors in quantum computing. Based in New York.
Targeting €300M as one of the largest dedicated quantum technology funds, which would make it one of the first venture funds globally focused exclusively on quantum computing companies. European-headquartered.
Munich-based deep-tech VC managing multiple funds with a significant quantum computing portfolio. Invested across European quantum hardware, software and infrastructure companies.
One of the largest dedicated quantum technology venture capital funds. Closed its second flagship fund (Quantonation II) at €220M in February 2026, more than doubling the €91M first fund and cementing its position as a leading quantum-focused investor globally. Quantonation led a $25.5 million seed round for ZuriQ in July 2026, backing an ETH Zürich spin-out that traps ions in two dimensions rather than in a line. Pasqal, whose seed round Quantonation led and whose 2021 Series A it co-led, reached Nasdaq in August 2026.
The strategic investment arm of the US intelligence community, specifically the CIA, under CEO Steve Bowsher. Based in Arlington, Virginia.
Airbus Ventures🇫🇷 FranceCorporate venture arm of Airbus, whose partners include Lewis Pinault, one of the most active corporate VCs in quantum technology globally. Its portfolio includes IonQ, PsiQuantum, Q-CTRL, QC Ware and other quantum companies.
More investors and corporate venture arms
A top-tier venture firm globally (AUM $42B+), co-founded by Marc Andreessen and Ben Horowitz, with selective but significant quantum investments. Participated in PsiQuantum’s earlier rounds.
One of the largest asset managers (AUM $11.5T+) under CEO Larry Fink. Led PsiQuantum’s $1B Series E in September 2025, one of the largest single quantum computing funding rounds ever. BlackRock is among the financial institutions backing the new Bitcoin Security Consortium, alongside Fidelity Digital Assets and Bitcoin companies including Block and Blockstream. The consortium funds developers working on quantum-resistant cryptography for Bitcoin and aims to be a reliable source on how ready the network is.
Singapore’s sovereign wealth fund managing S$400B+ in assets, under CEO Dilhan Pillay. Participated in PsiQuantum’s $1B Series E and other quantum rounds.
Edinburgh-based investment manager under senior partner Mark Urquhart, known for exceptionally long-horizon growth investing, managing over £230B in assets. Early backer of Tesla, Amazon, SpaceX, Moderna and Illumina, holding positions for decades through periods when other investors lost patience.
Qatar’s sovereign wealth fund managing $500B+ in assets, under CEO Mohammed Al-Sowaidi. It participated in PsiQuantum’s Series E.
NVentures (NVIDIA)🇺🇸 USNVIDIA’s corporate venture arm, led by Mohamed Siddeek. Invested in Quantinuum, PsiQuantum, SandboxAQ, IonQ and other quantum companies.
Founded by Jim Breyer, legendary early Facebook investor and former Accel Partners chairman. Invested in SandboxAQ (co-led Series B) and other frontier technology companies.
SoftBank🇯🇵 JapanUnder CEO Masayoshi Son, SoftBank co-led QuEra Computing’s $230M round alongside Google. The Japanese conglomerate operates the $100B+ Vision Fund, one of the largest technology investment fund. In August 2026 SoftBank and Quantinuum published a white paper setting out five levels of quantum maturity for companies. It points to early value in data analysis, naming topological data analysis and graph-based anomaly detection, with gains in scientific computing further off.
The primary exchange-traded fund for quantum computing sector exposure, managed by Defiance ETFs (CEO Sylvia Jablonski). Tracks the BlueStar Quantum Computing and Machine Learning Index.
Emerging and other quantum companies 10 companies
This section collects emerging and cross-cutting companies that do not fit neatly into a single hardware category. Several are early stage or pursue more than one approach at once.
Shenzhen-based developer of compact desktop quantum computers founded by Dr. Xiang Jingen for education and research, including the Gemini and Gemini Mini systems priced from under $10,000. Its products use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and superconducting technologies in form factors small enough for classroom deployment.
Chicago-based company under CEO Nick Farina pursuing one of the most unconventional qubit architectures in development: electrons floating on the surface of liquid helium. Each electron is trapped above the helium in a quantum state that can serve as a qubit, potentially offering extremely long coherence times because the helium surface is atomically smooth and free of defects that plague solid-state approaches. EeroQ reported in Physical Review Applied that its Wonder Lake chip shuttled electrons tens of kilometres in aggregate with no detectable charge loss, using 14 control lines for 128 channels. The chip is made on a standard 130 nm CMOS process, and SEALSQ has folded EeroQ into its quantum hardware stack alongside Quobly.
ASX-listed semiconductor company under CEO Dr. Mohammad Choucair developing the 12CQ (one-two-see-que) quantum chip, designed to enable quantum computing in mobile and portable devices. Uses carbon-based qubit material that maintains quantum coherence at room temperature in ambient conditions, eliminating the need for vacuum environments.
Paris-based hardware company under CEO Pierre Desjardins developing quantum processors built from isotopically purified carbon-12 nanotubes, an ultra-clean material that minimises qubit decoherence. Spun out of the Physics Laboratory of the École Normale Supérieure, co-founded by twin brothers Pierre and Matthieu Desjardins (CTO).
San Sebastián-based company building quantum and quantum-inspired solutions for AI model compression and enterprise applications. Co-founded in 2019 by CEO Enrique Lizaso Olmos and CTO Román Orús. The company raised $570 million in Series C funding at a valuation of $1.7 billion, led by Forgepoint Capital International, BNPP SIVF and Bullhound Capital. It later launched Quasar 438B, an AI model it says scored 43 on the Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index, the highest of any European entry in that comparison.
Innsbruck-based quantum architecture company developing the ParityQC operating system that maps optimisation problems onto quantum hardware with a uniquely scalable encoding. Founded by Professors Wolfgang Lechner and Philipp Hauke from the University of Innsbruck. In July 2026 ParityQC and Classiq said they had combined their software to cut SWAP operations, the extra moves a circuit needs when qubits are not directly connected. The two companies report that a joint run on an IBM Quantum Heron processor set a new mark for the quantum Fourier transform, close to double the previous result.
HoneywellNASDAQ: HON🇺🇸 USMajority stakeholder (~54%) in Quantinuum, under CEO Vimal Kapur, one of the world’s highest-performing quantum computing companies. Honeywell’s precision engineering and advanced manufacturing capabilities support the H-Series trapped ion hardware. Honeywell Aerospace leads a consortium that aims to deliver a compact quantum magnetometer to the European Space Agency by 2027. The instrument uses diamond based sensing from Quantum Brilliance, and Honeywell’s engineering team in Brno, Czech Republic runs the project.
An early enterprise adopter of quantum computing, with dedicated application teams since 2016 that use hardware from quantum startups and tech giants rather than building its own. Volkswagen ran quantum traffic optimisation prototypes in Lisbon and Barcelona on D-Wave systems, routing city buses in real time, and explores quantum approaches to battery chemistry simulation for electric vehicles and paint shop scheduling optimisation using hardware from Google, IBM, D-Wave and Xanadu. Volkswagen and Porsche researchers also work on quantum machine learning. With colleagues at Leiden University and Freie Universität Berlin they found that deeper trainable circuits did not always generalise worse, which runs against the usual expectation.
Polish manufacturer of advanced electronics for quantum systems under CEO Grzegorz Brona, space and microsatellites, listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (CRI). Provides precision control and measurement electronics used in quantum computing research across European laboratories.
A Danish joint venture of EIFO and the Novo Nordisk Foundation, headquartered in Hellerup, operating the Magne neutral-atom quantum computer built on Microsoft and Atom Computing technology. Led by CEO Ebba Carbonnier, it is backed by roughly 80 million euros to give Denmark sovereign access to a large-scale quantum machine.
Exits and closures 3 entries
The quantum sector has also seen laboratories wind down and companies leave the market. These entries are kept for reference and are no longer active quantum hardware programmes.
Baidu🇨🇳 ChinaBaidu built the Qian Shi superconducting machine and the Paddle Quantum framework, then donated its quantum hardware and laboratory to the Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences in early 2024. It continues to maintain quantum software as open source.
Zapata AI, formerly Zapata Computing, listed on the New York Stock Exchange through a SPAC in 2024 and ceased operations in October 2024 after defaulting on a financing agreement. Its patent portfolio, developed from Harvard research, covers quantum and generative-AI methods.
Alibaba Group🇨🇳 ChinaAlibaba closed its DAMO Academy quantum laboratory in November 2023 and donated the hardware to Zhejiang University. Alibaba Cloud continues to offer some quantum software and cloud services to enterprise customers.
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