Category: Quantum Cryptography

Quantum cryptography is a technique that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to achieve secure communication, primarily by ensuring the confidentiality of data transmission. The most known method in quantum cryptography is Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), where information about the key to decrypt a message is sent via quantum particles, such as photons. The fundamental principle of quantum mechanics that QKD exploits is that the mere act of observing a quantum system can change the system. This implies that if a third party tries to intercept the quantum key during transmission, their act of observation will alter the key, making the interception noticeable to the communicating parties. Hence, quantum cryptography offers theoretically unbreakable security by using the laws of nature rather than computational complexity, as traditional cryptographic methods do.