Category: Quantum Mechanics
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that provides a description of the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. It departs from classical mechanics primarily at the quantum realm of atomic and subatomic length scales. The fundamental principle of quantum mechanics is that certain properties, such as a particle’s position and momentum, are inherently uncertain due to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. Other key terms include the Wave-Particle Duality, which explains that particles can exhibit both particle-like and wave-like characteristics. Quantum Superposition states that a quantum system can exist in multiple states or places simultaneously until measured, leading to the concept of Quantum Entanglement, where particles become interconnected and the state of one can instantly affect the other, regardless of the distance between them. The Schrödinger equation is used to calculate the probability distribution of a particle’s position. Finally, the concept of Quantum Decoherence addresses the interaction of a quantum system with its environment, causing it to appear to behave in a classical manner.