Fujitsu Limited and Osaka University have made significant progress towards practical quantum computing by developing two new technologies that reduce error impact in quantum computing architecture. These innovations enable the execution of practical quantum algorithms faster than current classical computers with fewer qubits.
The researchers demonstrated that a quantum computer could perform a calculation that would take a classical computer five years in just ten hours, using only 60,000 qubits. This achievement brings us closer to the early fault-tolerant quantum computation era, expected around 2030, which will accelerate technological innovations in fields like material development and drug discovery. The joint research aims to contribute to solving societal issues, such as decarbonization and reducing the cost of new material development.
In a significant breakthrough, researchers from Fujitsu and Osaka University have developed a novel quantum computing architecture that can drastically reduce the number of physical qubits required for arbitrary phase rotation. This innovation is a crucial step towards achieving practical quantum computing, paving the way for faster and more efficient processing of complex calculations.
The Challenge of Phase Rotation
Phase rotation, an essential operation in quantum computing, involves rotating the arbitrary phase angle of a qubit. However, this process requires a large number of physical qubits, which poses a significant challenge in building scalable and reliable quantum computers. The estimated number of qubits required to solve certain complex problems, such as the FeMoco energy estimation problem, is around one million – a daunting task with current technology.
The New Architecture: A Space-Time Efficient Solution
The newly developed architecture addresses this challenge by introducing a space-time efficient analog rotation quantum computing design. This innovative approach enables the reduction of physical qubits needed for phase rotation, making it possible to build more compact and efficient quantum computers.
Implications for Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation
This breakthrough has significant implications for fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC), which is essential for large-scale quantum computing applications. The current era, often referred to as the early-FTQC era, is characterized by the limitation of working with only a maximum of 100,000 physical qubits, making FTQC seem impossible to achieve. However, this new architecture brings us closer to overcoming this hurdle.
Applications in Materials Science and Beyond
The potential applications of this technology are vast and varied. For instance, it can be used to simulate complex materials properties, such as those exhibited by high-temperature superconductors, which are described by the Hubbard model. This could lead to breakthroughs in fields like energy transmission and storage.
Collaboration and Innovation
This achievement is a testament to the power of collaboration between academia and industry. The Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology at Osaka University and Fujitsu’s commitment to innovation have led to this significant advancement, which will accelerate progress towards practical applications of quantum computers.
As we move forward in this exciting era of quantum computing, it is essential to continue fostering such collaborations, driving innovation, and pushing the boundaries of what is possible.
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